What Is Neurodivergent? A Guide for People Who Are New to the Term

What is Neurodivergent? What Does It Mean to Be Neurodivergent?

The term “neurodivergent” comes from the broader concept of neurodiversity, which was first introduced by sociologist Judy Singer in the late 1990s. Neurodiversity recognizes that brains come in many different forms, and all of them are valuable.

Neurodivergent individuals have cognitive differences that set them apart from what is considered “neurotypical” (or having a brain that functions in expected ways). These differences may affect how a person:

• Thinks and processes information
• Communicates and socializes
• Interprets emotions and sensory input
• Manages attention, focus and organization

While some neurodivergent conditions can come with challenges, they also bring unique strengths and abilities that should be recognized and celebrated. You just need some insight to get to know yourself more. Try test here to explore your cognitive strengths, processing style and whether you might identify as neurodivergent.

Neurodivergence is not a disorder or a medical diagnosis. It’s simply an umbrella term that describes a wide range of neurological variations.

 

Common Types of Neurodivergence

Neurodivergence is diverse: there’s no single way to experience it. Below are some of the most common forms:

1. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism is one of the most well-known forms of neurodivergence. It affects how people communicate, process sensory input and experience social interactions. No two autistic individuals are the same: some may be highly verbal, while others may prefer nonverbal communication.

Common traits of autism include:

• Sensitivity to sounds, lights, or textures
• Deep focus on specific interests or subjects
• Differences in social communication and interaction styles

Many autistic individuals have incredible strengths in problem-solving, creativity and attention to detail. The key is understanding their needs and making the world more accommodating, rather than trying to force them to fit into neurotypical expectations.

2. Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is often misunderstood as just being hyperactive or easily distracted, but it’s much more than that. It affects executive function; the brain’s ability to organise, plan and regulate emotions.

People with ADHD may:

• Have difficulty focusing on tasks that don’t interest them but hyperfocus on things they enjoy
• Struggle with time management and organisation
• Experience impulsivity, restlessness or difficulty sitting still

While ADHD can present challenges, it also comes with strengths, such as high energy, creativity, quick problem-solving skills and the ability to think outside the box.

3. Dyslexia, Dyspraxia and Other Learning Differences

Learning disabilities like dyslexia (difficulty with reading and language processing) and dyspraxia (challenges with coordination and movement) are also forms of neurodivergence.

These differences don’t reflect a person’s intelligence, they simply mean their brains process information in a unique way. Many people with dyslexia, for example, excel in visual thinking, storytelling and creative problem-solving.

4. Mental Health Conditions and Neurodivergence

There is some debate about whether mental health conditions like OCD, anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder should be considered forms of neurodivergence. Some argue that because these conditions affect brain function, they fall under the neurodivergent umbrella. Others see them as separate because they are often temporary or treatable with therapy and medication.

Regardless of how they’re categorized, it’s important to recognise that mental health conditions, just like any form of neurodivergence, should be met with understanding, not stigma.

Embracing Neurodiversity in Society

Understanding neurodivergence isn’t just about labeling differences, it’s about creating a more inclusive world where all kinds of brains are valued.

For too long, neurodivergence has been framed as something that needs to be “fixed” or “cured.” But the truth is that neurodiverse people have unique skills, talents and points of view that are good for everyone.

When we shift our mindset from "deficit-based thinking" to "strength-based thinking," we stop seeing neurodivergence as a problem and start seeing it as a valuable part of human diversity.

To create a more inclusive environment, we need to:

• Challenge stereotypes about neurodivergence
• Provide accommodations in schools and workplaces
• Recognize and celebrate the strengths of neurodivergent people

Support and Resources for Neurodivergent Individuals

For people with neurodivergent traits, having the right support can make all the difference. Some helpful resources include:

• Therapy and coaching to develop coping strategies and build confidence
• Assistive technology (such as text-to-speech apps for dyslexia or productivity tools for ADHD)
• Online communities and advocacy groups that provide support, advice and a sense of belonging

Families, teachers, employers and friends also play a key role in creating a world where neurodivergent individuals can thrive: by listening, learning and making small changes to accommodate different needs.

Conclusion

So, what is neurodivergent, is it illness? Neurodivergence isn’t a weakness, it’s simply a different way of thinking and experiencing the world. Understanding what it means to be neurodivergent helps create a more accepting and supportive society, where everyone, regardless of how their brain works, is valued.

Whether you are neurodivergent yourself or want to learn how to better support them, the key is curiosity, compassion and openness. The more we embrace neurodiversity, the more we build a world that recognises and celebrates the beauty of different minds.